The College of Science for Girls at the University of Baghdad discussed the master’s thesis tagged (Studying the Role of BRCA1 and Some Biomarkers in Women with Type 2 Diabetes and Studying the Possible Susceptibility of Breast Cancer) for Student: Hanan Hamed Hassan Ali

The thesis aims to: Study the role BRCA1 and some biomarkers in women with Type 2 Diabetes and studying the possible susceptibility of breast cancer through subdividing the samples into five groups according to drugs strategy and duration of disease; determination the level of insulin, insulin resistance and IGF-1; determination the level of Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα),BRCA1 protein as a marker for breast cancer; studying the correlations between different biochemical parameters under study; measuring the ROC of BRCA1 and ERα for the purpose of identifying breast cancer early.

The study included 120 blood samples taken from 120 females recruited from Ibn Al-Bitar Center for Cardiac Surgery Hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, between November 2022 and February 2023. They were within an age range of 40 to 70 years. They were divided into three groups according to the treatment strategy and duration of disease as follows: (40) women patients who have T2DM for less than one year taking metformin only. (20) women patients who had T2DM for more than ten years taking metformin only. (20) Women patients who had T2DM for more than ten years taking metformin with sulphonylurea.  (20) women patients who had T2DM for more than ten years taking insulin only. (20) women patients who had T2DM for more than ten years taking metformin with insulin. An enzymatic oxidation technique was used to test the following biochemical parameters for all research groups: Total cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Using the Friedewald formula, the very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined. Using an enzymatic process, Insulin levels and Insulin like growth factor-1(IGF-1), Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) levels, and breast cancer susceptibility protein 1 (BRCA1) were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level was measured with a sandwich immunodetection method. Finally, The Homeostasis Model Assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated according to the specific formula, the current study found that P value for the comparison between groups were not significant for FBS, HbA1c, VLDL-C, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG and Cholesterol. While Brca-1, Estrogen Receptor Alpha (ERα), Insulin, Insulin growth factor IGF-1, and HOMA IR. The P-value for each comparison is 0.0001, indicating significance.  Also according to ROC-analysis, BRCA1 showed high sensitivity and specificity.

The most important recommendations reached by the letter are:

  1. More research is needed to confirm the effects of metformin and sulfonylurea and insulin on BRCA1 protein levels in a larger number of sample. And whether this has any implications for Breast cancer prevention or treatment
  2. Supporting enhanced screening and lifestyle changes and keeping up with update on the treatment of diabetes mellitus to minimize the effects of T2DM.
  3. Examining the contributions of progesterone and other steroid hormones to the risk of breast cancer. Establish the hormonal situation that is hazardous and focus treatment accordingly.
  4. Early diagnosis of breast cancer, especially when there is a genetic factor is essential in management of patients with T2DM.
  5. Following up to study the progression of markers.

Comments are disabled.