{"id":14127,"date":"2026-09-08T10:52:46","date_gmt":"2026-09-08T07:52:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127"},"modified":"2026-09-08T10:59:23","modified_gmt":"2026-09-08T07:59:23","slug":"assessment-and-evaluation-of-heavy-metals-pollution-in-the-tigris-river-baghdad-city-iraq","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127","title":{"rendered":"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” rtl_reverse=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1726859899671{margin-top: -150px !important;padding-top: 150px !important;padding-bottom: 60px !important;background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″]

<\/div>
<\/div><\/div>
<\/div>

Master\u2019s<\/span> Discussion<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad discussed the master\u2019s thesis entitled (Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River \/ Baghdad City\/Iraq)<\/strong>, presented by (Esraa Abd AL Ghafoor Mohammed)<\/strong>,in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master\u2019s in biology\/Ecology, under the supervision of Prof. Dr.Jinan Shawi Al-Hassany.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>

<\/div>
<\/i>
Objectives of the Thesis<\/div><\/span>
[vc_column_text css=””]The thesis aimed to determine the levels and distribution of the selected heavy metals (Fe, Pb, Ni, and Cd) in water and sediments of the Tigris River, assess Iraqi Water Quality Index (IWQI) for different water uses, evaluate heavy-metal pollution using environmental indices, and investigate the potential effects of heavy-metal contamination on aquatic life. The study was conducted at three stations in Baghdad\u2014Al-Jadriya, Al-Doura, and Al-Muthanna Bridge\u2014during the dry and wet seasons of 2024\u20132025, with analyses of water, sediment fractions, and the aquatic plant Ceratophyllum demersum.[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div>
<\/i>
Content of the Thesis<\/div><\/span>
[vc_column_text css=””]The thesis concluded that physicochemical parameters and heavy-metal concentrations showed substantial seasonal and regional variation, with many water-quality parameters and ecological indices increasing during the wet season, particularly at Station 2, suggesting greater human influence. Cadmium (Cd) was the most polluted metal and had the greatest ecological impact. Exchangeable fractions of Fe, Pb, Ni, and Cd in sediments, together with their accumulation in C. demersum, indicated active metal mobility and bioavailability. Pollution indices (PI, CF, MI, PLI, and Kd) classified several stations as moderately to strongly contaminated, while the IWQI ranked the river water as poor during multiple sampling periods. The results also highlighted continued discharge of untreated wastewater and sediment disturbance associated with construction activities, indicating long-term ecological and public-health risks.[\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div>
<\/i>
Recommendation of the Thesis<\/div><\/span>
[vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n
    \n
  • The thesis recommended strengthening continuous monitoring of physicochemical parameters and heavy metals across all seasons; investigating native aquatic plants, particularly Ceratophyllum demersum, for phytoremediation; enhancing environmental governance and public awareness of heavy-metal risks; and developing GIS mapping, local heavy-metal databases, human-health risk assessment, biomonitoring using aquatic plants and fish, and AI-assisted long-term monitoring. It also recommended integrating AI-based prediction models with long-term monitoring of physicochemical, sediment, and biological variables to improve heavy-metal pollution assessment and sustainable river management.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    [\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div>

    <\/i>
    Grad of the Thesis<\/div><\/span>
    [vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n
      \n
    • Final Grade:<\/strong>Excellent.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      [\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div>

      <\/i>
      Picture of the Committee members<\/div><\/span>
      [vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n
      \n
      \"\"<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

      [\/vc_column_text]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>[vc_raw_js]JTNDc2NyaXB0JTNFJTIwdmFyJTIwdHJhbnNfcGFnZSUzRCUyMjU0MTA1JTIwJTIyJTIwJTNDJTJGc2NyaXB0JTNF[\/vc_raw_js][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″]

      <\/div>[vc_single_image image=”14129″ img_size=”700×700″ alignment=”right” css=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      [vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” rtl_reverse=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1726859899671{margin-top: -150px !important;padding-top: 150px !important;padding-bottom: 60px !important;background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_raw_js]JTNDc2NyaXB0JTNFJTIwdmFyJTIwdHJhbnNfcGFnZSUzRCUyMjU0MTA1JTIwJTIyJTIwJTNDJTJGc2NyaXB0JTNF[\/vc_raw_js][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”14129″ img_size=”700×700″ alignment=”right” css=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row] … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":14129,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[15,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-14127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-masters","category-postgraduate-discussions"],"yoast_head":"\nAssessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq - College of Science for Women<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq - College of Science for Women\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"[vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” rtl_reverse=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1726859899671{margin-top: -150px !important;padding-top: 150px !important;padding-bottom: 60px !important;background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_raw_js]JTNDc2NyaXB0JTNFJTIwdmFyJTIwdHJhbnNfcGFnZSUzRCUyMjU0MTA1JTIwJTIyJTIwJTNDJTJGc2NyaXB0JTNF[\/vc_raw_js][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”14129″ img_size=”700×700″ alignment=”right” css=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row] ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"College of Science for Women\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-09-08T07:52:46+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-09-08T07:59:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2026\/09\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"591\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"csw\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"csw\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"csw\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e2d8d23f32d2810ed05a93fd995a99de\"},\"headline\":\"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\\\/ Baghdad City\\\/ Iraq\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-08T07:52:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-08T07:59:23+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127\"},\"wordCount\":632,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/97\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Master's\",\"Postgraduate discussions\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127\",\"name\":\"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\\\/ Baghdad City\\\/ Iraq - College of Science for Women\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/97\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-09-08T07:52:46+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-09-08T07:59:23+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e2d8d23f32d2810ed05a93fd995a99de\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/97\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/97\\\/2026\\\/09\\\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg\",\"width\":591,\"height\":1280},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?p=14127#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\\\/ Baghdad City\\\/ Iraq\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/\",\"name\":\"College of Science for Women\",\"description\":\"University of baghdad\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/e2d8d23f32d2810ed05a93fd995a99de\",\"name\":\"csw\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/975096ae94d110f34c0a04073463cc8b4e1348753830dceb23577827e607beec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/975096ae94d110f34c0a04073463cc8b4e1348753830dceb23577827e607beec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/975096ae94d110f34c0a04073463cc8b4e1348753830dceb23577827e607beec?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"csw\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\\\/?author=29\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq - College of Science for Women","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq - College of Science for Women","og_description":"[vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” rtl_reverse=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1726859899671{margin-top: -150px !important;padding-top: 150px !important;padding-bottom: 60px !important;background-color: #f5f5f5 !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_raw_js]JTNDc2NyaXB0JTNFJTIwdmFyJTIwdHJhbnNfcGFnZSUzRCUyMjU0MTA1JTIwJTIyJTIwJTNDJTJGc2NyaXB0JTNF[\/vc_raw_js][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”14129″ img_size=”700×700″ alignment=”right” css=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row] ...","og_url":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127","og_site_name":"College of Science for Women","article_published_time":"2026-09-08T07:52:46+00:00","article_modified_time":"2026-09-08T07:59:23+00:00","og_image":[{"width":591,"height":1280,"url":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2026\/09\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"csw","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"csw","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127"},"author":{"name":"csw","@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/#\/schema\/person\/e2d8d23f32d2810ed05a93fd995a99de"},"headline":"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq","datePublished":"2026-09-08T07:52:46+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-08T07:59:23+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127"},"wordCount":632,"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2026\/09\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg","articleSection":["Master's","Postgraduate discussions"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127","url":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127","name":"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq - College of Science for Women","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2026\/09\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg","datePublished":"2026-09-08T07:52:46+00:00","dateModified":"2026-09-08T07:59:23+00:00","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/#\/schema\/person\/e2d8d23f32d2810ed05a93fd995a99de"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2026\/09\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/97\/2026\/09\/photo_2_2026-09-07_09-38-34.jpg","width":591,"height":1280},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=14127#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Assessment and Evaluation of Heavy Metals pollution in the Tigris River\/ Baghdad City\/ Iraq"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/#website","url":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/","name":"College of Science for Women","description":"University of baghdad","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/#\/schema\/person\/e2d8d23f32d2810ed05a93fd995a99de","name":"csw","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/975096ae94d110f34c0a04073463cc8b4e1348753830dceb23577827e607beec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/975096ae94d110f34c0a04073463cc8b4e1348753830dceb23577827e607beec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/975096ae94d110f34c0a04073463cc8b4e1348753830dceb23577827e607beec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"csw"},"url":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?author=29"}]}},"modified_by":"csw","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14127"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14132,"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14127\/revisions\/14132"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/en.csw.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}